Miyako (en)

Miyako Ryu­kyuan is a lan­guage spo­ken by 15000 people (broad approxi­ma­tion) in the Miyako islands (Miyako, Kurima, Irabu, Shi­moji, Ikema, Ōgami, Tarama, Minna), a Japa­nese ter­ri­tory near Tai­wan. It belongs to the Ryu­kyuan branch of the Japo­nic languages.

It is not mutually intel­li­gible with Japa­nese nor with the other Ryu­kyuan lan­guages (Amami, Oki­nawa, Yaeyama, Yonaguni).

Miyako Ryu­kyuan is still used as a mean of dayly com­mu­ni­ca­tion by the elder gene­ra­tion, but the youn­ger gene­ra­tions usually can­not even unders­tand it. It is the­re­fore an endan­ge­red lan­guage, as all the other Ryu­kyuan languages.

The Ryu­kyuan lan­guages remain unsuf­fi­cien­tely or una­de­qua­tely des­cri­bed and docu­men­ted. There are few in-depth des­crip­tions of Miyako Ryu­kyuan, and some pre­vious stu­dies are quite problematic.

In my dis­ser­ta­tion I give a gene­ral des­crip­tion of the Ōgami dia­lect, a highly endan­ge­red dia­lect spo­ken by only roughly a hun­dred spea­kers. It has a highly unu­sual pho­no­logy: it has a very small pho­neme inven­tory (5 vowels, 9 conso­nants) with no voi­cing dis­tinc­tion and allows words made up of voi­ce­less conso­nants only (ex: /kff/ “to make”, /ksks/ “moon”).
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